Verified, not estimated. Every figure below is drawn from the official exam structure we maintain — question counts, passing standard and topic weighting. Practice questions are grounded in the source law with statute citations. We omit any figure we can't verify rather than guess at it.
Total questions
100
Passing score
75%
Exam time
240 min
Administered by
PSI Services Contractor
Format
Reference materials allowed
Idaho State Portion
100 questions
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 21 Q · 1%
Drainage system terminology (building drain, building sewer, soil pipe, waste pipe, stack, branch, horizontal branch)Water supply and distribution terminology (building supply, water distribution pipe, riser, fixture branch, fixture supply, remote outlet)Backflow and cross-connection terminology (backflow, backsiphonage, backpressure backflow, cross-connection, critical level, air gap)Vent system terminology (dry vent, wet vent, continuous vent, stack vent, vent stack, branch vent, individual vent, relief vent, yoke vent)Trap and trap-related terminology (trap, trap seal, trap arm, trap primer, crown weir, top dip)Grease interceptor and special waste terminology (gravity grease interceptor, hydromechanical grease interceptor, FOG disposal system, grease removal device, interceptor/clarifier)Gray water and alternate water source terminology (gray water, reclaimed water, rainwater catchment system, on-site treated nonpotable water, mulch basin, surge tank)Pipe joint and connection type terminology (brazed joint, soldered joint, welded joint, flanged joint, flared joint, compression joint, heat-fusion weld joint, pressed fitting, push fit fitting)
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 55 Q · 5%
Permits and inspections for water heater installationWater heater location requirements (bedrooms, bathrooms, garages, attics)Temperature, pressure, and vacuum relief devices (TPR valves)Combustion air requirements (indoor, outdoor, mechanical, and combined methods)Venting system types and selection (Type B, Type L, single-wall metal pipe, direct-vent)Vent and chimney termination requirementsSizing of Category I venting systems using code tablesSeismic strapping, drainage pans, and physical installation requirements
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 65 Q · 5%
Cross-connection control and backflow prevention devices (air gap, AVB, PVB, SVB, DC, RP assemblies)Potable and nonpotable water system identification and labeling requirementsApproved pipe and fitting materials for water supply and distribution systemsJoining methods for water supply piping (soldered, brazed, flared, mechanical, solvent cement, heat-fusion)Water pressure regulation, pressure relief valves, and expansion tanksValve requirements and shutoff valve placement in water distribution systemsWater supply system sizing using fixture units and Table 610.4Residential fire sprinkler system installation, piping, and sizing requirements
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 72 Q · 2%
Drainage fixture unit (DFU) values and trap sizing by fixture typeSizing of drainage piping using maximum fixture unit loading and pipe length tablesApproved drainage piping materials and permitted locations (underground, aboveground, building sewer)Joints and connection methods by pipe material (ABS, PVC, cast-iron, copper, stainless steel, vitrified clay)Cleanout requirements: location, spacing, clearance, and accessGrade and slope requirements for horizontal drainage piping and building sewersDrainage of below-grade fixtures: backwater valves, sewage ejectors, sumps, and alarmsBuilding sewer requirements: materials, sizing, separation from water pipes, and testing
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 85 Q · 5%
Air gap and air break requirements for indirect waste connectionsIndirect waste piping sizing, length limits, and trapping requirementsIndirect waste receptors — standpipe dimensions, placement restrictions, and approval requirementsFood and beverage establishment indirect waste requirements (equipment types, pipe sizes, air gap mandates)Condensate waste disposal, pipe sizing, overflow protection, and point of dischargeChemical and industrial waste pretreatment, approved pipe materials, and venting restrictionsSteam and high-temperature discharge condensers, sumps, and blowoff pipe sizingClear water wastes, swimming pool drainage, cooling water, and pressure drainage connections
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 95 Q · 5%
Trap seal protection and siphonage/backpressure preventionVent pipe sizing based on fixture units and developed lengthVent pipe grades, connections, and rise requirementsVent termination requirements including roof clearance, frost/snow closure, and sidewall venting (Idaho-specific)Wet venting — vertical and horizontal bathroom group configurationsSpecial venting for island fixtures and air admittance valve (AAV) limitations (Idaho-specific)Circuit venting requirements and relief ventsCombination waste and vent systems — permitted conditions, sizing, and restrictions
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 103 Q · 3%
Trap requirements and where required (fixture trapping rules, tailpiece length, shared traps)Prohibited trap types (S-traps, bell traps, crown-vented traps, movable-part devices)Trap seal depth requirements (minimum and maximum liquid seal dimensions)Trap arm horizontal length limits and vent placement (Table 1002.2)Floor drain traps and trap seal protection (backwater valves, trap seal primers)Building traps (installation conditions, cleanouts, relieving vents)Grease interceptor requirements (hydromechanical vs. gravity types, sizing, maintenance, prohibited connections)Sand and oil/flammable liquid interceptor requirements (design, sizing, venting, special occupancy applications)
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 112 Q · 2%
Approved materials for storm drainage conductors, leaders, and underground pipingPrimary and secondary roof drainage system requirementsSizing of roof drains, vertical conductors, and leaders using rainfall tablesSizing of horizontal storm drains and sewers by projected roof and paved areaSubsoil drain installation, discharge, and sump requirementsControlled-flow roof drainage system design and conditionsTraps on storm drains and leaders connected to combined sewersTesting methods for storm drainage systems (water test and air test)
2017 Idaho State Plumbing Code Chapter 124 Q · 4%
Acceptable piping materials and joining methods (metallic pipe, tubing, plastic, CSST)Gas piping system sizing methods (longest length, branch length, hybrid pressure) and sizing tablesUnderground and aboveground gas piping installation requirementsGas pressure regulators: installation, venting, and overpressure protectionPressure testing and inspection procedures (test medium, test pressure, duration, leak detection)Appliance connections, shutoff valves, sediment traps, and flexible connectorsElectrical bonding and grounding requirements for gas piping systemsPurging requirements for gas piping systems
Plumbing sizing using schematics provided during exam8 Q · 8%
Water supply fixture units (WSFU) and minimum fixture branch pipe sizes using Table 610.3Sizing water supply pipe and meter using Table 610.4 (pressure ranges, developed length, fixture unit totals)Drainage fixture unit (DFU) values and minimum trap/trap arm sizes using Table 702.1Maximum unit loading and maximum length of drainage and vent piping using Table 703.2Sizing vent piping based on fixture units and developed lengthSizing storm water drainage systems using rainfall rates and projected roof/paved areas (Tables 1101.8 and 1101.12)Flushometer valve fixture unit assignments for water supply sizing using Table 610.10Available pressure calculations for water supply sizing (elevation adjustments, pressure loss, developed length)
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 11 Q · 1%
Purpose and components of a business planExecutive summary preparationManagement plan developmentMarketing plan elementsOperations plan considerationsFinancial plan and projected financial statementsSupporting documents assemblyBusiness research resources and tools
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 21 Q · 1%
Selecting and working with a CPA or LPAAccountant fee structures and engagement lettersSelecting a business attorneyAttorney fee arrangements and referral servicesSelecting an insurance agent for contractor businessesKey questions when evaluating insurance coverage needsSelecting a bank for business needsComparing banking products, loan programs, and financial services
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 31 Q · 1%
Sole proprietorship characteristics and owner liabilityGeneral partnership structure and assumed business name filing requirementsLimited liability partnership (LLP) formation and partner liability protectionsLimited partnership (LP) general vs. limited partner roles and filing requirementsLimited liability company (LLC) formation, naming rules, and registration with Idaho Secretary of StateCorporation types: S Corp, C Corp, and professional service corporation distinctionsForeign business entity registration requirements in IdahoSecurities regulations and Idaho Department of Finance notification requirements
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 41 Q · 1%
DOPL mission and regulatory oversight roleSeven regulatory boards under DOPLLicensing requirements by trade category in IdahoPenalties for unlicensed workLicense qualification requirements and application processNon-refundable fees and supporting documentationDOPL contact information and application resources
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 51 Q · 1%
Bookkeeping process and financial recordkeeping (journals, general ledger, trial balance)Financial statements (balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement)Cash vs. accrual accounting methodsProject accounting methods (completed contract and percentage of completion)Financial ratios (liquidity, efficiency, leverage, and profitability ratios)Cash flow management and cash flow analysisEquipment depreciation methods (straight-line, MACRS, Section 179 deduction)Equipment acquisition options (leasing, renting, and purchasing)
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 620 Q · 20%
Federal anti-discrimination laws (ADEA, ADA, Title VII, EPA, GINA, Pregnancy Discrimination Act)Reasonable accommodation and undue hardship under ADA and Title VIIWage and hour requirements under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) eligibility and leave entitlementsFederal contractor labor law requirements (Davis-Bacon, Service Contract Act, Walsh-Healey, Copeland Anti-Kickback)Idaho-specific employment laws (minimum wage, wage payment, child labor, new hire reporting, recordkeeping)Required workplace poster obligations for employersEmployee Polygraph Protection Act and Consumer Credit Protection Act wage garnishment rules
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 715 Q · 15%
Types of contractor insurance coverage (automobile, builder's risk, CGL, completed operations, pollution liability, EPLI, professional liability, property)Workers' compensation insurance requirements and employer obligations in IdahoUnemployment insurance employer liability and experience ratingSurety bonds: bid bonds, performance bonds, and payment bondsIndependent contractor classification criteria for UI tax exemptionMiller Act requirements for federal public works bondingUnemployment insurance reportable and non-reportable wagesPenalties for non-compliance with workers' compensation and unemployment insurance requirements
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 83 Q · 3%
Open bids vs. closed bids in public works constructionBid decision factors (qualifications, schedule, cost, job site, risk)Plans and specifications components (general conditions, drawings, specifications)Estimation methods: conceptual, preliminary, and detailed estimatesQuantity survey/takeoff process and measurement unitsLabor, materials, and equipment pricing in detailed estimatesGeneral and project overhead costs and contingency/allowanceMarkup calculation and area modification factors
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 91 Q · 1%
Essential elements of a valid contract (offer, acceptance, consideration, mutuality, legal purpose)Idaho Statute of Frauds — agreements required to be in writingIdaho construction contract retention limits and release timelines (Idaho Code 29-115)Types of construction contracts (lump sum, cost plus, time and materials, design-build, guaranteed maximum)Common required and optional provisions in construction contractsBreach of contract definition and civil remediesChange orders and additional work provisionsSubcontractor retention payment obligations and dispute withholding rules
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 102 Q · 2%
Project management phases: initiation, planning, executing, monitoring/controlling, and closingScheduling methods: Critical Path Method (CPM) and Gantt chartsFloat/slack time and critical path identificationStaffing roles: owner's representative, construction manager, superintendent, foreman, and expediterCost control procedures: variance detection, diagnostics, and corrective actionInventory control and purchase order systems for materialsQuality control: conformance to design specifications during constructionProject closeout: project close and contract closure
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 1110 Q · 10%
OSHA employer responsibilities and general duty clauseOSHA recordkeeping requirements (Forms 300, 300-A, 301)OSHA worksite inspection procedures and prioritiesPersonal protective equipment requirements by hazard typeFall protection systems and height thresholdsHazard communication and material safety data sheetsOSHA cooperative and voluntary protection programs (VPP, SHARP, Alliance)Construction-specific safety standards (excavation, scaffolding, confined spaces)
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 121 Q · 1%
Income tax filing requirements by business entity type (sole proprietor, partnership, S corporation, corporation, LLC)Federal and Idaho estimated tax payment requirements and thresholdsIdaho sales and use tax obligations for contractorsContractor vs. retailer vs. contractor/retailer sales tax classification and billing treatmentSales tax exemptions available to contractors (out-of-state jobs, agricultural irrigation, production machinery)Independent contractor vs. employee classification using the right-to-control testEmployment tax forms and withholding requirements for employees (W-4, I-9, W-2, EIN)Tax recordkeeping periods and retention requirements
Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual Section 133 Q · 3%
Right to lien under Idaho Title 45 (who qualifies and for what work)Filing requirements and deadlines for lien claims (90-day rule, county recorder, required contents)Priority and ranking of mechanic's lien claims among competing lienholdersDuration and enforcement of mechanic's liens (6-month limitation, court proceedings)Release of mechanic's lien by posting surety bond (bond form, petition, hearing process)Contractor recovery and deduction of subcontractor debts in lien actionsResidential property disclosure requirements for general contractors (Idaho 45-525)Lien waivers and joint checks as protective measures for contractors
Key Distinctions
Accrual accounting methodvsCash-basis accounting
The accrual method is GAAP compliant because it matches revenues to expenses when the transaction occurs, while cash-basis accounting (recognizing at payment) does not meet GAAP.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 5: Accounting & Finance
Named-peril covers the contractor only for losses from items specifically named in the policy, while all-risk is the most common type and gives broader coverage.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 7: Insurance – Builders Risk bullet, Page 65
Commercial general liabilityvsCompleted operations (errors and omissions) insurance
General liability covers claims arising during construction, while completed operations covers third-party injury or property damage claims arising after the contractor has finished the work.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 7: Insurance — Completed Operations
Pollution is a 'Low Hazard' impairment that adversely affects only the aesthetic qualities of potable water, while contamination is a 'High Hazard' impairment creating an actual public health hazard through poisoning or spread of disease.
'Accessible' may first require removal of an access panel, door, or similar obstruction, while 'Readily Accessible' means direct access without removing any panel, door, or obstruction — they are not interchangeable.
A brazed joint uses alloys melting above 840°F (449°C) but below the melting point of the parts joined, while a soldered joint uses mixtures or alloys melting up to and including 840°F (449°C).
ISPC 2017 Section 212.0 - Joint, Brazed
Lead limit for solder and flux (2017 ISPC §604.2)vsLead limit for pipes, fittings and fixtures (2017 ISPC §604.2)
Solder and flux conveying water for human consumption may not exceed 0.2 percent lead, while pipes, pipe fittings, plumbing fittings and fixtures may not exceed a weighted average of 0.25 percent of wetted surfaces.
ISPC 2017 Section 604.2
One permanent opening method, outdoor combustion air (2017 ISPC §506.4.2(1))vsTwo permanent openings through horizontal ducts (2017 ISPC §506.4.1(2))
The one-opening method requires not less than 1 sq in of free area per 3,000 Btu/h of total input, while each of two openings communicating with the outdoors through horizontal ducts requires not less than 1 sq in per 2,000 Btu/h.
ISPC 2017 Section 506.4.1(2)
Chart A 103.1(1) (2017 ISPC)vsChart A 103.1(2) (2017 ISPC)
Chart A 103.1(1) is the full-scale demand curve set (0–3,000 fixture units) used for systems predominantly flushometer valve (curve No. 1), while Chart A 103.1(2) is the enlarged-scale version of the same curves covering only 0–240 fixture units; curve No. 2 is for systems predominantly flush tanks.
Per 1926.451(g)(1), fall protection is required for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, which differs from the general 6-foot threshold for other walking/working surfaces.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 11 / Construction Industry Digest, Scaffolds section
ADA undue hardship standardvsTitle VII religious accommodation undue hardship standard
Under the ADA undue hardship means significant difficulty or expense in light of employer size, financial resources and business needs — a higher threshold than Title VII's 'more than a minimal burden' standard.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 6 — Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Disability Discrimination & Reasonable Accommodation & Undue Hardship
ADA employer coverage thresholdvsADEA employer coverage threshold
The ADA generally applies to employers with 15 or more workers, while the ADEA applies to employers with 20 or more employees.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 6 — Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Employer control of manner, method and modevsMethod of payment (per job, commission, piecework)
For Idaho UI tax exemption, employer control over the manner, method or mode of the work defeats independent contractor status, while the method of payment is explicitly not controlling.
Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Section 7: Insurance — Independent Contractor
Battery of fixtures (2017 ISPC §204.0)vsCommon vertical waste or soil stack
A battery of fixtures is two or more similar, adjacent fixtures discharging into a common HORIZONTAL waste or soil branch — not into a common vertical stack.
ISPC 2017 Section 204.0
Key Terms
Building Drain ISPC 2017 Section 204.0 - Building Drain
That part of the lowest piping of a drainage system receiving discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside the building walls and conveying it to the building sewer, beginning 2 feet (610 mm) outside the building wall (2017 ISPC §204.0).
Hot Water ISPC 2017 Section 210.0 - Hot Water
Water at a temperature exceeding or equal to 120°F (49°C) (2017 ISPC §210.0).
An interceptor identified by volume, 30-minute retention time, baffle(s), not less than two compartments, a total volume of not less than 300 gallons (1135 L), and gravity separation (2017 ISPC §209.0).
Confined Space (fuel-burning appliances) ISPC 2017 Section 205.0 (Confined Space definition)
A room or space having a volume less than 50 cubic feet per 1000 Btu/h (4.83 m³/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all fuel-burning appliances installed in that space (2017 ISPC §205.0).
A fuel-burning appliance producing a continuous flue gas temperature, at the point of entrance to the flue, of not more than 1000°F (538°C) (2017 ISPC §203.0).
A chimney suitable for removing combustion products from low-heat appliances producing gases not in excess of 1000°F (538°C) under normal operation, but capable of 1400°F (760°C) during intermittent forced firing up to one hour (2017 ISPC §205.0).
Bathroom Group ISPC 2017 Section 204.0 (Bathroom Group definition)
Any combination of fixtures not exceeding one water closet, two lavatories, either one bathtub or one combination bath/shower, and one shower, and may include a bidet and an emergency floor drain (2017 ISPC §204.0).
A condition including a trap that does not maintain a proper trap seal (item 1) or a trap directly connected to a drainage system whose seal is not protected against siphonage and backpressure by a vent pipe (item 5) (2017 ISPC §211.0).
Cross-Connection ISPC 2017 Section 205.0
A connection or arrangement, physical or otherwise, between a potable water supply system and a fixture, tank, receptor, equipment or device through which nonpotable, used, unclean, polluted or contaminated water or other substances may enter the potable system under any condition (2017 ISPC §205.0).
Mobile Home Park Sewer ISPC 2017 Section 215.0 (Mobile Home Park Sewer)
That part of the horizontal piping of a drainage system beginning 2 feet (610 mm) downstream from the last mobile home site and conveying waste to a public sewer, private sewer, private sewage disposal system, or other point of disposal (2017 ISPC §215.0).
Pollution ISPC 2017 Section 218.0 (Pollution)
An impairment of potable water quality that does not create a public health hazard but adversely and unreasonably affects aesthetic qualities for domestic use; also defined as 'Low Hazard' (2017 ISPC §218.0).
Contamination ISPC 2017 Sections 205.0 and 218.0
An impairment of potable water quality creating an actual hazard to public health through poisoning or spread of disease; also defined as 'High Hazard' (2017 ISPC §205.0).
An individual vent is sized at not less than one-half the fixture drain it serves but never smaller than 1¼ inches, and a vent exceeding 40 feet developed length is increased one nominal pipe size for its entire length (IPC 2021 §906.2).
Mutuality of Obligation Idaho Contractor's Business & Law Reference Manual, Page 84
The essential contract element known as a 'Meeting of the Minds' — mutual understanding and assent where parties agree to the same thing, in the same sense, at the same time.
Gantt Chart Division of Occupational & Professional Licenses Contractor's Business and Law Reference Manual, Page 93
A bar chart that illustrates a project schedule by showing the start and finish dates of the terminal and summary elements of a project.
Formulas to Know
Static pressure from elevation (and elevation from pressure)psi = height in feet × 0.433 (ISPC Appendix A §A 104.2 uses 0.43); height in feet = psi ÷ 0.433. For two fixtures, use only the elevation difference between them, not the tank height.
Pressure available for friction lossAvailable (service or post-PRV) pressure − [required residual pressure at highest fixture + (elevation in ft × 0.43)]; e.g., 55 − [15 + (45 × 0.43)] = 20.65 psi; flush-tank fixtures use 8 psi residual (2017 ISPC §§A 104.1–A 104.3).
Allowable friction loss per 100 feet of pipe(pressure available for friction ÷ developed length to most remote fixture) × 100; e.g., (20.65 ÷ 200) × 100 = 10.33 psi per 100 ft (2017 ISPC §§A 104.3, A 104.4).
Hot water fixture unit demand (three-quarter rule)Hot water WSFU = listed total fixture unit value × 3/4 for fixtures with both hot and cold connections; e.g., 100 lavatories × 1.0 × 3/4 = 75, 27 service sinks × 3.0 × 3/4 = 61 (rounded) (2017 ISPC Table A 103.1 Note 3, §A 108.1).
Total water supply fixture units (WSFU)Sum of (count × Table A 103.1 value): public lavatory 1.0; public urinal 1.0 GPF flushometer 4.0; urinal >1.0 GPF flushometer 5.0; WC 1.6 GPF flushometer 5.0; WC >1.6 GPF flushometer (public) 8.0; service/mop sink 3.0; showerhead 2.0.
Total drainage fixture units (DFU) on a stackSum of (count × UPC Table 702.1 value) for all floors; flush-valve water closet 6 DFU, lavatory 1 DFU, floor drain 2 DFU, service sink 3 DFU.
45-degree offset travel and runTravel = set × 1.414 (16 × 1.414 = 22.62 ≈ 22-5/8"); run = set × 1.000 (run equals set on a 45° offset).
60-degree offset travel with rolling offsetTrue offset = √(set² + roll²) = √(12² + 9²) = 15.0 in; travel = true offset × 1.155 = 17.3 in.
Downstream invert elevation from slopeDownstream invert = upstream invert − total fall, where fall = run (ft) × slope (in/ft) converted to feet; e.g., 48 ft × 1/4 in/ft = 12 in = 1.00 ft, so 100.00 − 1.00 = 99.00'.