Exam Cheat Sheet · Quick Reference

Washington Real Estate Broker

Washington  ·  PSI Services Real Estate

Verified, not estimated. Every figure below is drawn from the official exam structure we maintain — question counts, passing standard and topic weighting. Practice questions are grounded in the source law with statute citations. We omit any figure we can't verify rather than guess at it.
Total questions
30
Passing score
70%
Exam time
90 min
Administered by
PSI Services Real Estate
Format
Closed-book

Washington State Portion 30 questions

Washington General Rules 5 Q · 17%
DefinitionsPowers and duties of the Real Estate Commission and DirectorInvestigations and sanctions (Violations, Procedures/hearings/appeals, Penalties)Real Estate Research CenterLicensing requirements (broker, managing broker, firm)Exemptions from licensing requirementsLicense maintenance (renewal, continuing education, inactive status, expiration)Unprofessional conduct — specific grounds under RCW 18.85.361Trust accounts and transaction recordkeeping requirementsCommission sharing and compensation rulesBrief adjudicative proceedings procedures (WAC 308-124)Real estate education program account +3 more
Washington Licensing Requirements 8 Q · 27%
Activities requiring a licenseRequirements for licensing eligibilityTypes of licensesLicense maintenance, renewal and feesLicense statusEducation requirementsWAC 308-124A Licensing and Examination (308-124A-700 to 308-124A-800)RCW 18.85 Real Estate Brokers and Managing Brokers (18.85.011 to 18.85.191)RCW 18.85 Real Estate Brokers and Managing Brokers (18.85.201 to 18.85.930)
Washington Statutes and Rules Governing Licensee Activity 13 Q · 43%
Brokerage firms relationship with affiliated licenseesProhibited conduct/reasons for disciplinary actionCompensationHandling of monies and trust accountsRecordkeeping, documents and auditsBrokerage firms office requirementsProperty managementSupervision of affiliated licensees (General supervisory responsibilities, Supervision of teams)Advertising rulesRCW 18.85 Real Estate Brokers and Managing Brokers (18.85.011 to 18.85.191)RCW 18.85 Real Estate Brokers and Managing Brokers (18.85.201 to 18.85.930)WAC 308-124E Trust Account Procedures +2 more
Washington Real Estate Brokerage Relationships (Agency) 4 Q · 13%
Types of Agency (Dual, Seller Agency, Buyer Agency, Other)Disclosure of Real Estate RelationshipsAgency dutiesWritten consent of partiesBrokerage services agreement requirements and termsCompensation disclosure and payment rulesDuration and termination of agency relationshipsStatutory vs. fiduciary duties under RCW 18.86Vicarious liability and imputed knowledge of principalsConfidential information — definition and post-termination protectionExclusive residential property marketing requirementsMaterial fact definition and disclosure obligations

Key Distinctions

Broker license examination passing scorevsManaging broker license examination passing score

WAC 308-124A-760(1) requires a minimum scaled score of 70 on each of the two broker exam portions (national and state), while the 75 standard applies to the managing broker examination under WAC 308-124A-760(2).

Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-760
Broker prelicense course recency (2 years)vsManaging broker course recency (3 years)

Each of the 90 hours of broker prelicense courses must be completed within two years before applying for the broker's exam (RCW 18.85.101(1)(c)), while each course counted toward the managing broker's 90 hours must be completed within three years before applying for that exam (RCW 18.85.111(1)(d)).

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.101(1)(c)
Individual broker/managing broker license expirationvsFirm (business entity) license expiration

An individual license expires two years from the issuance date and renews biennially, while a license issued to a partnership, LLP, LLC, corporation or other registered business entity expires when its secretary of state registration or certificate of authority expires (RCW 18.85.191).

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.191
Fine for unprofessional conduct (RCW 18.235.110(1)(h))vsCivil fine for unlicensed practice (RCW 18.235.150(5))

Unprofessional-conduct fines may not exceed $5,000 per violation found, while unlicensed practice supports a permanent cease and desist order plus a civil fine not exceeding $1,000 for each day of unlicensed practice ($25,000 is the separate contempt penalty under RCW 18.235.160).

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.235.110(1)(h)
Core curriculum completed within 24 months of renewalvsCore curriculum commenced within 36 but more than 24 months before renewal

Under WAC 308-124A-800, core curriculum must be completed within 24 months of the renewal date to satisfy the core requirement; a course commenced within 36 months but more than 24 months before renewal does not count toward the core requirement but may apply as regular continuing education credit.

Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-800
Pooled interest-bearing client trust accountvsProperty management trust accounts

RCW 18.85.285(8)(a) requires a firm receiving or maintaining earnest money or client funds to keep a pooled interest-bearing trust account, with the exception of property management trust accounts.

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.285(8)
Designated brokervsManaging broker

A designated broker must hold a managing broker's license and may act as designated broker for more than one firm (RCW 18.85.121), whereas a managing broker may be licensed to only one firm at a time (RCW 18.85.111(3)).

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.121
Director of the Department of LicensingvsReal estate commission

Under RCW 18.235.020(2)(a) the director holds disciplinary authority over real estate brokers and managing brokers licensed under chapters 18.85 and 18.86 RCW; the real estate commission acts only in an advisory capacity and is not among the boards with independent authority listed in RCW 18.235.020(2)(b).

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.235.020(2)(a)
Reinstating a canceled license (within 2 years of cancellation)vsActivating a license inactive more than 3 years

Reinstatement within two years of cancellation requires 60 clock hours of approved real estate course work completed within one year preceding application (at least 30 of which must be real estate law), while returning a license inactive more than three years to active status requires a 30 clock-hour real estate course completed within one year before the application.

Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-780
Designated broker (and supervising managing broker) in an in-house transactionvsAppointed affiliated brokers in that transaction

Under RCW 18.86.060(5), when different brokers of the same firm represent different parties, the designated broker and any managing broker supervising both is a limited dual agent, while each appointed broker solely represents the party with whom that broker has the agency relationship.

Washington Real Estate Statutes (RCW 18.85, 18.86, 18.235), RCW 18.86.060
Managing broker experience look-back (5 years, RCW 18.85.111(1)(c))vsAllied practical experience look-back (6 years, WAC 308-124A-713)

Licensed-experience applicants need three years of full-time broker experience within the previous five years, while an applicant qualifying on related practical experience must have completed all qualifying experience within the six years immediately preceding the application date.

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.111(1)(c)
Routine renewal continuing education (30 clock hours)vsBroker's first active license renewal (90 clock hours)

Ordinary renewal requires at least 30 clock hours of approved instruction every two years, while a broker's first active renewal requires 90 clock hours started after the date first licensed, including real estate law, advanced practices, and 30 hours of approved continuing education with core curriculum and Washington fair housing.

Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.211(1)
Change of designated brokervsFirm closing

A designated broker change requires a statement signed by both the outgoing and incoming designated brokers listing all outstanding client trust liabilities and pending transactions and certifying sufficient trust funds (WAC 308-124A-825); a closing firm affidavit is required only when a firm closes (WAC 308-124A-830).

Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-825

Key Terms

Commercial real estate (RCW 18.85.011(6)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.011(6)
Any parcel of real estate in Washington other than real estate containing one to four residential units, excluding single-family lots and individual units such as condominiums or townhouses conveyed unit-by-unit unless sold or leased for a commercial purpose.
Controlling interest (RCW 18.85.011(8)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.011(8)
The ability to control either the operational or financial decisions, or both, of a firm — not tied to any percentage of ownership.
Designated broker registration (RCW 18.85.121) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.121
A designated broker must hold a managing broker's license and may act for more than one firm; the department registers designated brokers and endorses their managing broker license with the names of all firms served.
Firm license minimum requirement (RCW 18.85.091(1)(a)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.091(1)
A firm must designate a managing broker as 'designated broker' with authority to act for the firm, identify owners/controlling-interest holders, assure no controlling-interest holder is under a final order suspending or revoking a real estate license, and avoid a prohibited or confusingly similar name.
Out-of-state licensee cooperation (RCW 18.85.131(1)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.131(1)
An approved out-of-state licensee may perform acts requiring a Washington license only as to commercial real estate, and only by cooperating with a Washington designated broker under a signed written cooperation agreement, consenting to Washington jurisdiction, naming the Washington firm in advertising, and depositing transaction records with the firm.
Branch office exception (RCW 18.85.241) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.241
No branch office license is required where real estate sales activity is conducted on and limited to a particular subdivision or tract if a licensed office or branch office is located within thirty-five miles of that subdivision or tract.
Heightened supervision (RCW 18.85.275(6)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.275(6)
During the first two years of a broker's licensure, a managing broker must provide a heightened level of supervision as provided by rule of the director.
Commission-sharing exception (RCW 18.85.301(4)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.301(4)
A firm may share a commission with a manufactured housing retailer licensed under chapter 46.70 RCW on the sale of personal property manufactured housing sold in conjunction with the sale or lease of land, even though that retailer holds no chapter 18.85 RCW license.
Record preservation (RCW 18.85.361(17)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.361(17)
It is grounds for discipline for a firm and its designated broker to fail to preserve records relating to any real estate transaction for three years following submission of the records to the firm.
Hearing date rule (RCW 18.235.050(2)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.235.050(2)
A hearing must be set as soon as convenient but not earlier than thirty days after service of the statement of charges, unless the disciplinary authority has issued a summary suspension or summary restriction.
License obtained by misrepresentation (RCW 18.235.170) RCW 18.235.170
A person who attempts to obtain, obtains, or attempts to maintain a license by willful misrepresentation or fraudulent representation is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
Reimbursement of investigative costs (RCW 18.235.110(2)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.235.110(2)
The disciplinary authority may require reimbursement of investigative costs only if one of the sanctions listed in subsection (1)(a) through (j) is ordered.
Fingerprint background check (RCW 18.85.171(1)(d); WAC 308-124A-700(3)) Washington Real Estate Statutes, RCW 18.85.171(1)(d)
Applicants must complete a fingerprint-based Washington State Patrol and FBI background check unless the applicant is a corporation or limited liability company, and active-status renewals require a fingerprint check with the department's authorized vendor every six years.
Washington real estate fair housing curriculum (WAC 308-124A-802) Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-802
A course introducing brokers and managing brokers to the federal Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) and the Washington law against discrimination, chapter 49.60 RCW, as it relates to real estate transactions.
Interim license (WAC 308-124A-727) Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-727
After mailing the notice of passing, completed application form, verification that the authorized vendor fingerprint process was followed, and fees, the applicant may commence working on or after the postmark date, and the completed application form serves as an interim license for up to forty-five days unless grounds exist for disciplinary action.
Services agreement term for a buyer principal (RCW 18.86.020(2)(b)) Washington Real Estate Statutes (RCW 18.85, 18.86, 18.235), RCW 18.86.020
A services agreement must state the term, and if the principal is a buyer, provide a default term of 60 days with the option of a longer term.
Franchisee firm name (WAC 308-124A-815(3)) Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-815
A bona fide franchisee may be licensed using the franchisor's name only together with the franchisee's firm name, and a firm may not advertise using any name not licensed by the department.
Out-of-jurisdiction clock hour credit (WAC 308-124A-835) Washington Real Estate Rules, WAC 308-124A-835
Credit is allowed if the course was offered by a tax-supported public technical or community college or other institution of higher learning meeting approval standards, or was approved to satisfy a real estate licensing or renewal education requirement and offered by an entity approved by that jurisdiction's real estate licensing agency.

Formulas to Know

Continuing education carryforward at renewalHours earned in the immediately preceding two-year period minus the 30 required hours = excess; carry forward the excess, capped at a maximum of 15 clock hours, into a subsequent two-year period (worked example: 44 hours earned − 30 required = 14 excess, all carried since it is under the 15-hour cap).
Split of trust account interest remitted to the state treasurer (RCW 18.85.311)Housing trust fund = 75% of remittance; real estate education program account (RCW 18.85.321) = 25% of remittance.
Active renewal clock hours (WAC 308-124A-790(1)(a))At least 30 clock hours started within 48 months of the renewal date, of which a minimum of 15 must be completed within 24 months of the current renewal date; part of that 15 must include the 3-hour prescribed core curriculum and the requisite Washington real estate fair housing hours.
Broker's first active license renewal hours (WAC 308-124A-785)90 clock hours started after the date first licensed = real estate law + advanced practices + 30 hours approved continuing education (including core curriculum and Washington real estate fair housing).
Reinstatement after cancellation (WAC 308-124A-780(1)(a))Within two years of cancellation: 60 clock hours of approved real estate course work completed within the one year preceding application, a minimum of 30 of which must be real estate law, plus back renewal fees with penalty and the reinstatement penalty fine.
Civil fine for unlicensed practice (RCW 18.235.150(5))Fine not exceeding $1,000 × number of days the person engaged in unlicensed practice, in addition to a permanent cease and desist order.
Fine for unprofessional conduct (RCW 18.235.110(1)(h))Not to exceed $5,000 per violation found, with aggravating and mitigating circumstances considered.
Managing broker education requirement (WAC 308-124A-750(1); RCW 18.85.111(1)(d))90 clock hours of approved instruction in addition to hours used for other chapter 18.85 RCW requirements = advanced real estate law + real estate brokerage management + business management, each at least 30 clock hours with a comprehensive examination, each completed within three years prior to applying for the exam.
Broker prelicense education (RCW 18.85.101(1)(c))90 hours of approved real estate instruction = fundamentals (including 3 hours of fair housing and consumer protection instruction) + practices, each course completed within two years before applying for the examination.