Hoja de Referencia del Examen · Referencia Rápida
Alabama Home Builder Skill Exam
Alabama · PROV
Verificado, no estimado. Cada cifra a continuación proviene de la estructura oficial del examen que mantenemos: número de preguntas, puntaje de aprobación y ponderación de temas. Las preguntas de práctica están fundamentadas en la ley fuente con citas de estatutos. Omitimos cualquier cifra que no podamos verificar en lugar de adivinarla.
Total de preguntas
80
Puntaje de aprobación
66%
Tiempo del examen
240 min
Administrado por
PROV
Formato
Se permiten materiales de referencia
Porción Estatal de Alabama 80 preguntas
Lectura de Planos
10 Q · 12%
Types of construction drawings (plan views, elevations, sections, detail drawings)Reading and interpreting lines, symbols, and abbreviations on drawingsScales and dimensions used in architectural drawingsSchedules and specifications in a plan setSite plans and plot plans (building location, setbacks, property lines)Quantity takeoff and material measurement from drawingsDrawing notes, addenda, and change ordersGeometric calculations for areas and volumes (mensuration)
Trabajos en Sitio y Cimentaciones
10 Q · 12%
Footing design, sizing, and reinforcement requirements (IRC R403, soil bearing values)Foundation wall types: poured concrete, concrete masonry unit (CMU), and insulating concrete forms (ICF)Site layout and building location using batter boards, levels, and transitsExcavation planning: mass excavation, trench excavation, slope/bank stability, and OSHA shoring requirementsSoil classification, bearing capacity, and compaction standards (Proctor test, optimum moisture)Drainage, dampproofing, and waterproofing of foundation walls and footingsCompaction equipment selection and soil stabilization methodsBackfill procedures, grading, and surface drainage requirements
Concreto y Refuerzo
7 Q · 9%
Concrete mix design and proportioning (water-cement ratio, slump, aggregate sizing)Types and properties of Portland cement and admixturesReinforcing steel types, sizes, placement, and bar supportsFormwork materials, design, and component selection (lumber, plywood, engineered wood, metal)Formwork construction, erection, and bracing for footings, walls, columns, and slabsConcrete placement, consolidation, and finishing of flatwork and formed shapesFoundation and footing requirements per IRC (dimensions, reinforcement, frost depth, drainage)Form stripping, surface quality, and formed concrete surface finishes
Albañilería
6 Q · 8%
Brick types, grades, and ASTM classificationsMortar types, composition, and mixing proceduresMasonry wall systems (solid, cavity, veneer, composite, reinforced)Brick bonds and pattern bondsConcrete masonry units (CMU) types, sizes, and propertiesAnchors, wall ties, and joint reinforcementBrick and block laying techniques and proceduresStone types, classification, and stonemasonry construction
Carpintería
20 Q · 25%
Wood properties, grading, and lumber species selectionFloor framing components, joist spans, and subfloor installationWall framing layout, stud sizing, and plate requirementsWall bracing methods and sheathing installationRoof framing types, rafter layout, and span tablesHip, valley, and jack rafter calculationsRoof assembly, ridge installation, and roof sheathingStairway design, stringer layout, and code requirements
Techado
7 Q · 9%
Roof slope classification and minimum slope requirements by material typeUnderlayment types, application methods, and IRC requirements by roof coveringAsphalt shingle installation methods, patterns, and fastening requirementsFlashing types and installation (step, base, cap, valley, drip edge, chimney cricket)Wood shingles and shakes: grades, exposure, nailing, and installation detailsTile roofing installation, fastening requirements, and underlayment systemsRoof area measurement, slope factors, and material quantity estimationRoofing repair, leak detection, hail damage assessment, and re-roofing procedures
Acabados Interiores
4 Q · 5%
Gypsum wallboard (drywall) types, sizes, and installation methodsDrywall finishing levels and joint compound applicationPlaster systems: gypsum lath, scratch/brown/finish coats, and veneer plasterCeramic, quarry, and stone tile installation methods and setting materialsSuspended and acoustical ceiling systemsWood finish flooring types, grading, and installation (strip, plank, parquet)Resilient flooring installation (vinyl sheet, vinyl tile, rubber tile, cork tile)Interior painting and coating: surface preparation, coverage rates, and application methods
Acabados Exteriores
5 Q · 6%
Water-resistive barriers and housewrap installationExterior wall flashing requirements and locationsSiding types, materials, and installation methods (wood, vinyl, fiber cement, aluminum, stucco)Window types, sizing, rough openings, and installationExterior and interior door types, frames, and installationDeck and porch construction materials, fasteners, and structural elementsExterior and interior paint types, preparation, and application techniquesSkylights and roof windows installation and flashing
Oficios Asociados
6 Q · 8%
Plumbing system components and pipe materials (supply, DWV, copper, plastic)Fuel gas piping installation, sizing, and materialsElectrical service entrance, conductors, and service panel requirementsHVAC heating and cooling equipment installation and clearancesCombustion air and venting requirements for fuel-burning appliancesThermal insulation types, R-values, and vapor retarder installationGrounding, bonding, and grounding electrode systemsFuel gas piping testing, inspection, and leak detection
OSHA
5 Q · 6%
Fall protection requirements and height thresholds (6-foot rule)Scaffold safety requirements and load capacitiesPersonal protective equipment (PPE) selection and employer responsibilitiesExcavation and trenching safety requirements and cave-in protectionLadder and stairway safety requirementsHazard communication and safety data sheetsMedical services, first aid, and emergency action plansOccupational health controls (noise exposure, air contaminants, sanitation)
Distinciones Clave
Face-Frame CabinetvsFrameless (European-Style) Cabinet
Face-frame cabinets have a hardwood frame around the front carcase opening for mounting hinges, while frameless cabinets have no front frame and mount concealed cup hinges directly on the side walls.
Carpentry & Building Construction, Section 27.2, Page 788Penetrating Floor FinishvsSurface Coat Floor Finish
Penetrating finishes absorb into the wood fibers and wear only as the wood wears, while surface coatings sit on top of the wood and can chip or scratch.
Carpentry And Building Construction, Section 34 - Types of FinishesBuilder's Level (Dumpy Level)vsTheodolite
A builder's level reads angles visually using a vernier scale and is accurate to ±1/4" at 75 feet, while a theodolite reads horizontal and vertical angles electronically and displays measurements on an LCD screen for greater precision.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Types of Instruments / LevelsTransitvsBuilder's Level
A transit is classified by the smallest increment readable on its vernier scale (minutes or seconds) and can measure both horizontal and vertical angles, while a builder's level is the least expensive instrument and is accurate only to ±1/4" at 75 feet.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Types of Instruments / TransitsParquet Flooring InstallationvsStrip Flooring Installation
Parquet flooring is attached to the subfloor with mastic (a thick adhesive), while strip flooring is installed using blind nailing.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Page 982Shear Wall Nail SpacingvsStandard Sheathing Nail Spacing
A shear wall requires sheathing nailed 3 inches on center to all studs, blocking, and sills to resist seismic and wind lateral forces, which is tighter than standard sheathing nail spacing.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 16.1 (Book Page 437)Battens Optional (Tile Roof)vsBattens Required (Tile Roof)
Battens are optional on tile roof slopes of 2-1/2 in 12 and steeper, but become required on slopes of 7 in 12 and steeper where gravity pull is greater.
Tile Roofing, Chapter 7Wood Shake Starter CoursevsAsphalt Shingle Starter Course
Wood shake roofs use 15-inch wood shingles as the starter course at the eaves, which differs from asphalt shingle starter courses that use asphalt-based material.
Chapter 6, Wood Shingles and Shakes — Starter CourseCripple StudsvsFull-Length Studs
Cripple studs are short studs installed above headers and below rough sills to provide nailing surfaces for sheathing and wall covering, while full-length studs run the entire height of the wall.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 16.1 (Book Page 434)Fissured Cohesive SoilvsGranular Soil
In the drying test for excavation soil classification, fissured cohesive soil develops cracks as it dries, while granular soil pulverizes easily when dry.
Appendix A to Subpart P of 29 CFR Part 1926, §(d)(2)(v)Housed-Stringer StairwayvsOpen-Stringer Stairway
In a housed-stringer stairway, treads and risers fit into routed recesses in the stringer and are secured with wood wedges, whereas open stringers have no such recesses.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Page 726Hold-Down AnchorsvsStandard Anchor Bolts
Hold-down anchors are steel brackets attached to the foundation and framing to prevent walls from tipping over during seismic events, while standard anchor bolts primarily secure the sill plate flat against uplift and lateral sliding.
Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 14.1, Page 14-12 (Book Page 379)Términos Clave
Overdig Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — The Excavation / Overdig
Additional excavation beyond the foundation walls to provide clearance for installing concrete forms, waterproofing exterior surfaces, and installing foundation drainage.
Differential Leveling Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Measuring a Difference in Elevation
The process of determining elevation differences between remote points by using one or more intermediate instrument setups between them.
Porosity Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — The Excavation
The measurement of the ability of water to flow through soil, used to evaluate drainage conditions before excavation.
Shear Wall Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 14.1, Page 14-11 (Book Page 378)
A wall designed to resist lateral (sideways) forces, created by nailing sheathing panels vertically at 3 inches on center to studs, blocking, and sills.
Batter Boards Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Setting Up Batter Boards
Horizontal boards attached to stakes driven at least 4 feet beyond each foundation corner, used to hold string lines that define the building layout during excavation.
Hold-Down Anchors Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 14.1, Page 14-12 (Book Page 379)
Steel brackets fastened to the foundation with anchor bolts and to wall framing with lag screws or machine bolts to prevent walls from tipping over during seismic events.
Theodolite Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Types of Instruments
An electronic transit that measures horizontal and vertical angles and displays readings on an LCD screen without requiring a vernier scale.
Plot Plan Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Basic Techniques / Using Surveying Instruments / Plot Plan
The portion of a set of house plans that shows the location of the building on the lot along with related land elevations and serves as the basis for site layout.
Bearing Capacity Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — The Excavation / Soil Testing
A measure of how well soil can support the weight of a house, determined through soil test borings performed before excavation.
Room-Finish Schedule Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 2.3, Page 57
A table on architectural plans that identifies the materials and finishes to be used for floors, walls, and ceilings in each room and hallway.
Penetrating Floor Finish Carpentry And Building Construction, Section 34 - Types of Finishes
A floor finish that absorbs into the wood fibers, becoming part of the wood itself, so it wears only as the wood wears and cannot chip or scratch.
Mastic Carpentry and Building Construction, Page 982
A thick adhesive applied to the subfloor to attach parquet flooring, as an alternative to the blind-nailing method used for strip flooring.
3-4-5 Method Carpentry and Building Construction, Chapter 9 — Setting Up Batter Boards / 3-4-5 Method
A technique for verifying 90-degree corners by measuring 3 units on one line and 4 units on the perpendicular line; the diagonal must equal 5 units (scalable to any multiple, e.g., 9-12-15).
Box Header (Steel Framing) Carpentry and Building Construction, Section 29.3, Box Header Assembly
A steel-framed header assembly in which a wall track section is cut 2 inches longer than the header, with flanges snipped back 1 inch at each end and the web bent toward the flanges.
Cantilevered Floor Joist Carpentry and Building Construction, Page 412
Floor joists that project beyond the foundation wall, such as for a bay window, with a maximum permitted extension of 2 feet and doubled joists on each side of the bay.
Fórmulas que Debes Saber
Excavation Volume (cubic feet)
(Length + 2×clearance) × (Width + 2×clearance) × DepthConvert Cubic Feet to Cubic Yards
Cubic yards = Cubic feet ÷ 27Excavation Volume Using Depth Factor
Cubic yards = Excavation area (sq ft) × depth factor (cu yd/sq ft)Trench Volume Using Linear Factor
Cubic yards = (Trench length ÷ 100) × factor (cu yd per 100 LF for given depth and width)Difference in Elevation (rod readings)
Elevation difference = Rod reading at lower point − Rod reading at higher point [higher rod reading = lower ground]3-4-5 Right Angle Check (scalable)
Diagonal = 5n, where one leg = 3n and the other leg = 4n (n = any multiplier)Stair Rise-Run Relationship (code limits)
Max riser height = 7¾ in; Min tread depth = 10 in; Handrail height = 34–38 in above nosingPartition Wall Estimate (unit cost)
Cost = Lineal feet of partition wall × cost per lineal foot (includes framing through finish)