Hoja de Referencia del Examen · Referencia Rápida
Virginia Contractor General Portion
Virginia
Verificado, no estimado. Cada cifra a continuación proviene de la estructura oficial del examen que mantenemos: número de preguntas, puntaje de aprobación y ponderación de temas. Las preguntas de práctica están fundamentadas en la ley fuente con citas de estatutos. Omitimos cualquier cifra que no podamos verificar en lugar de adivinarla.
Total de preguntas
50
Puntaje de aprobación
70%
Tiempo del examen
100 min
Formato
Se permiten materiales de referencia
Porción Estatal de Virginia 50 preguntas
Organización Empresarial
2 Q · 4%
Types of business structures and their key characteristics (sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, LLC)Liability exposure by business structure typeTaxation methods by business structure (pass-through vs. double taxation)Formation documents and Virginia Corporation Commission registration requirementsAdvantages and disadvantages of each business structureJoint ventures and Virginia contractor licensing requirements for joint venturesNaming a business and registering fictitious or assumed names in VirginiaBusiness plan purpose, elements, and functions (planning, loan, benchmarking)
Estimación y Licitación
10 Q · 20%
Bid documents and bid package componentsEthics in bidding: bid shopping, bid peddling, and bid riggingQuantity take-off estimating methodLabor cost calculation and labor burdenMaterials cost determination and equipment cost estimationProject overhead vs. company overhead and markup calculationEstimating pitfalls and common errorsJob cost recording system and cost code structure
Gestión de Contratos
10 Q · 20%
Required elements of a legally binding contract (offer, acceptance, consideration, competent parties, legal purpose)Virginia written contract requirements for residential projectsContract price and payment structures (lump-sum, unit-price, cost-plus)Progress payments, retainage, and final payment proceduresBreach of contract types, liquidated damages, and statute of limitationsChange orders and contract modificationsAlternative dispute resolution methods (negotiation, mediation, collaborative law, arbitration)Subcontracting requirements and obligations
Gestión de Proyectos
7 Q · 14%
Scheduling methods: calendar, bar chart/Gantt, and critical path method (CPM)Scheduling process: sequence of tasks, activity duration, contingency time, and float timeScheduling and cash flow managementProject manager and supervisory team roles (superintendent, foreman, materials expediter)Project life cycle phases: pre-construction, construction, and closeoutBudget and cost controls: tracking, cost overruns, and materials management (JIT, purchase orders)Quality assurance: specifications, shop drawings, internal inspections, and customer satisfaction surveysCustomer communication, change order handling, and negotiation basics
Gestión de Riesgos
3 Q · 6%
Risk assessment principles and probability of loss evaluationProperty insurance types for contractors (builders risk, inland marine, equipment floater)Liability insurance types (CGL, umbrella, completed operations, professional liability)Employment-related insurance (workers' compensation Virginia requirements, unemployment insurance, SUTA dumping)Surety bond types (bid, performance, payment, maintenance, fidelity, lien bonds)Qualifying for a bond and surety underwriting processFederal and Virginia bonding laws (Miller Act, Virginia Public Procurement Act)Insurance coverage verification for subcontractors and indemnification clauses
Seguridad
5 Q · 10%
Fall protection systems requirements and trigger heights (guardrail, safety net, personal fall arrest)Guardrail system specifications and performance criteriaPersonal fall arrest system components, anchorage, and arresting force limitsLadder safety requirements (portable, fixed, and job-made ladders)Stairway requirements and stairrail/handrail specificationsFire protection and prevention programs, extinguisher placement, and flammable liquid storagePersonal protective equipment selection, provision, and employer payment obligationsOSHA recordkeeping, injury reporting, and employer responsibilities under VOSH
Leyes Laborales
3 Q · 6%
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) minimum wage and overtime requirementsEmployee classification: exempt vs. non-exempt status under FLSAForm I-9 employment eligibility verification and documentationHiring minors: restricted hours, prohibited tasks, and penaltiesVirginia new hire reporting requirements and proceduresAmericans with Disabilities Act (ADA) employer obligations and reasonable accommodationVirginia workers' compensation coverage requirements and employer responsibilitiesVirginia unemployment insurance tax liability, reporting, and SUTA dumping
Gestión Financiera
5 Q · 10%
Bookkeeping best practices and the accounting cycleFinancial statements (balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows)Financial ratio analysis (liquidity, quick, activity, debt, profitability ratios)Cash and accrual methods of accountingContract accounting methods (completed contract, percentage of completion, cost comparison)Cash flow management, progress payments, and accounts receivable collectionEquipment depreciation methods (straight-line and accelerated/MACRS)Payroll accounting (gross pay, tax deductions, net pay, payroll journal)
Impuestos Federales y Estatales
4 Q · 8%
Employer Identification Number (EIN) requirements and how to obtainFederal business tax types by entity (income tax, self-employment tax, employment taxes)Federal employment tax withholding and deposit schedules (FICA, FUTA, Form 941)Federal tax forms by business entity type (1040, 1065, 1120, Schedule C, Schedule SE)Information returns and 1099-MISC reporting requirementsFederal and Virginia tax penalties and interestVirginia withholding tax registration, filing frequency, and forms (VA-4, VA-5, VA-6)Virginia corporate income tax, sales and use tax, and business license tax
Leyes de Gravámenes
1 Q · 2%
Who is entitled to a mechanics' lien (general contractors, subcontractors, sub-subcontractors, materialmen)Memorandum of lien requirements and filing deadlinesNotice to mechanics' lien agent for one- and two-family residential dwellingsSubcontractor and sub-subcontractor lien perfection requirements and claim limitsLien priorities among contractors, subcontractors, and materialmenEnforcement and foreclosure of mechanics' liensPenalties for misuse of funds, lien waiver forgery, and false statementsWaiver and forfeiture of lien rights